Sulphuric Acid (H2SO4)
Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) is a strong acid with hygroscopic and oxidizing properties. Sulphuric Acid is a mineral acid with the chemical formula H2SO4. Sulphuric acid is also known as Mattling acid or Oil of vitriol. It has a strong acidic nature and is corrosive.
End Uses:
1. Industrial Applications:
– Chemical Manufacturing: Sulphuric acid is one of the most important industrial chemicals and is used in the production of fertilizers (like ammonium sulphate and superphosphate), detergents, pigments, explosives, and pharmaceuticals.
– Petroleum Refining: It’s used in the refining of petroleum products, including the manufacturing of gasoline and lubricating oils.
– Metal Processing: Sulphuric acid is utilized in metal processing, particularly in the pickling of steel to remove rust and scale.
– Textile Industry: It’s used in the dyeing process and for fabric treatment.
– Paper Manufacturing: Sulphuric acid is used in the production of paper to break down cellulose and in the bleaching process.
– Wastewater Treatment: It’s employed in water treatment plants to adjust pH levels and remove metals from wastewater.
– Battery Manufacturing: Sulphuric acid is a key component in lead-acid batteries used in vehicles, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), and other applications.
2. Laboratory Uses:
– Analytical Chemistry: It’s used as a reagent in various chemical analyses and experiments.
– Digestion: Sulphuric acid is used to digest organic matter for elemental analysis.
3. Domestic Applications:
– Cleaning: Diluted sulphuric acid solutions are sometimes used in household cleaning products for descaling and removing mineral deposits.
– DIY Projects: It’s occasionally used in DIY projects for etching and other chemical processes.
4. Agrochemical Industry:
– Sulphuric acid is widely used in agriculture for soil and plant nutrient management.
5. Water Treatment:
– In some cases, sulphuric acid is used for pH adjustment and water treatment in swimming pools and other water systems.
6. Synthetic Fiber Production:
– It’s used in the manufacturing of synthetic fibers like nylon and rayon.
Sulphuric acid is a highly versatile chemical with numerous industrial applications, but it should be handled with extreme caution due to its corrosive and hazardous nature. Proper safety precautions must always be observed when working with sulphuric acid
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